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A Concept of Psychic System in the Social Systems Theory of Niklas Luhmann
Kroufek, Marek ; Bureš, Jiří (advisor) ; Hanzal, Petr (referee)
Title in English A Concept of Psychic System in the Social Systems Theory of Niklas Luhmann Annotation This thesis focuses in the form of a theoretical treatise on a secondary concept of Niklas Luhmann's social systems theory, a psychic system. Its main goal is to identify this concept in Luhmann's work and present its structured and comprehensive description. The thesis's secondary intention is then to present Luhmann's theory as itself and show an example of it's possible to work with it. In the first part, fundamental elements of the social systems theory are summarised and certain terms which will be used later in the thesis are explained. An analytical part of the thesis compiles mentions about psychic systems from an investigation of Luhmann's work and consequently structures and explains them in the context. In the last part of the thesis, then based on the previous analysis, a knowledge about psychic system is synthesised and psychic system together with social system are defined as meaning-constitutive systems and their similarities and differences are shown. Then, a possible model of a psychic system's internal structure is proposed and a significance of a consciousness for communication and subsequently for social systems is explained. In the conclusion, possible implications and applications for...
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Transformations of Diakonia in the Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren
ŠIMR, Karel
The thesis aims to contribute to the theoretical grounding of diakonia as the Christian-oriented practice of helping in modern society. Methodologically the author works with the social systems theory developed by Niklas Luhmann, which enables a differentiated description of the multidimensional reality of Christian helping action in its historical development and present situation. In the first part, the topic is theologically grounded ? biblically, historically and dogmatically. Then the main features of social systems theory are presented. Emphasis is placed on the dual ? primary (functional) and secondary (social) ? differentiation in society and its consequences for understanding diakonia. In this context diakonia is observed as the structural coupling of the systems of social help and Christianity and subsequently defined as helping in gospel perspective, which can be observed at micro-, meso- and macro-levels, i.e., in the context of interaction, organization and society ? and at the same time different theories must be developed for Christian helping at the individual levels. In the second part, the sociological description of the differentiation of diakonia is first confronted with theologically-oriented descriptions of differentiation in the context of Christianity and, following especially Wichern?s division of diakonia into civic, free and ecclesial, attention is focused on the ?tripod of diakonia? in the Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren in the form of Diaconia of ECCB, Christian service and diaconate. This multi-focus view of diakonia makes it possible to reflect on its mutually irreducible layers and search for adequate theories for each of them. In the formation of the Christian dimension of the organization emphasis is placed on cultivating an adequate organization culture. Interaction has to do with the mutual ?neighborly? help within a community. The specific function of diaconate is identified in constructing bridges between the ecclesial level of Christianity and its connection with the system of social help, as well as other partial systems in society ? and in this sense it is perceived as again highly relevant. In the concluding chapter, the communication-based approach of social systems theory is correlated with the practical-theological paradigm of gospel communication. In this context diakonia is understood as an inseparable part of ?gospel communication?.
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